Empirical and Statistical Characterizations of 28 GHz mmWave Propagation in Office Environments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18486/ijcsnt/12.2.162Keywords:
MmWave propagation, Indoor Communications, Statistical Analysis, Coverage Enhancement, Empirical ModellingAbstract
Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology at 28 GHz is vital for beyond-5G systems, but indoor deployment remains challenging due to limited statistical evidence on propagation. This study investigates path loss, material penetration, and coverage enhancement using TMYTEK-based measurements. Statistical tests and confidence interval analysis show that path loss aligns with free-space theory, with an exponent of n = 2.07 } 0.073 (p = 0.385), confirming the suitability of classical models. Material analysis reveals significant variation: desk dividers introduce 3.4 dB more attenuation than display boards (95% CI: [1.81, 4.98] dB, p < 0.01), contradicting thickness-based assumptions. Reflector optimisation yields a significant mean gain of 2.17 } 2.33 dB (p < 0.05), enhancing coverage. The results provide new empirical benchmarks and practical design insights for reliable indoor mmWave deployment.
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